Managing Financial Resources on Tesco and Sainsbury Essay

Managing Financial Resources on Tesco and Sainsbury - Essay Example Both the companies Tesco and Sainsbury are a retail giant multi-chain retail stores. Both the companies are companies have achieved profitability in the financial year 2013. Looking at the financial statement both the companies are in the relatively safe position in terms of profitability. On the overall Sainsbury has a better profitability margin than Tesco. With regards to the Liquidity ratio both the company are in a similar position. Both the companies should look at improving their financial performance to improve their return to the shareholders. Tesco PLC is a multinational grocery store located in Cheshunt, United Kingdom. It is presently the second largest retailer in the world in terms of revenues. It has its presence in 14 countries across Europe, Asia and North America. Tesco was originally a grocery retailer and has diversified geographically into many areas like books, clothing, retailing, furniture, electronics, petrol and software. It also has its presence in telecoms , financial services and internet services, music downloads and DVD rental. This report will take a look at the financial performances of the two companies; discuss possible users of such analysis and what they can do with this information. Discussion Profitability ratios Three profitability ratio for Sainsbury and Tesco are shown below Profitability Ratio for the year ended 2013 Sainsbury Tesco Gross profit margin 0.05 0.06 Net Profit margin 0.03 0.02 Return on Equity 0.11 0.08 Gross Profit margin is used to measure the financial health of a company. It reveals the amount of money which is left over after deducting the cost of goods sold from the revenues. It is the source of paying for additional expenses and future savings. It indicates the manufacturing efficiency of the production process for the company. A high gross profit margin signifies that a company can make profit while keeping the overhead cost in control. A low margin indicates that a company is not able to control it s production cost. Retail Industry average of Gross profit margin is around 10%. But for both the companies it is below the industry standard. For Sainsbury it is 5% and for Tesco it is 6%. For both the company the cost of sales is high as percentage of its sales. For Sainsbury the cost of goods sold comprises of 95% of the sales figure and for Tesco it is 94%. Both the company must try to reduce its operating cost to improve its efficiency. There are ways to improve the gross profit margin. The company should look to optimise its price structure and should not look at discounting their prices. The company should try to sell goods at higher margins. The company should try to improve the inventory systems like less theft, stock obsolescence. Net Profit Margin The Net profit margin is how much dollar is earned by the company ultimately for each dollar of sales achieved by them. Similar to gross profit margin, their ratio shows the efficiency of the company. This ratio shows the compan y’s pricing policies and how efficient the company is in running its operation. Retail Industry average of Net Profit margin is 10%. For both the companies the ratio is well below the industry average. For both the companies the Net profit margin is nearly the same. They must try to improve their ratio so that the efficiency increases. The companies should try to increase their volume of goods sold. They should aim to decrease their purchase cost, increase their conversion rate of raw materials, and sell goods at higher margins. Return on Equity Return on Equity is another measure of efficiency of the management in generating the returns for the capital invested by the shareholders. The higher is the ratio the better it is for the shareholders to invest their money into the company. In retail industries companies require huge capital to invest in their business. Hence the companies should generate high returns. The industry average of ROE is 15%. Both the companies are both b elow their standard figure. ROE of Sainsbury is higher than that of Tesco. This shows that

Advertisement Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Advertisement Analysis - Essay Example This paper argues that the differences in ad composition and approach as discussed above reflects underlying fundamental differences in the corporate and design cultures at Motorola/Google and Apple (Apple; Motorola Mobility) There is a need for Apple and for Motorola to persuade consumers that they have a need for a smart watch. Therefore there is room for their persuasive pieces of advertising, basically introducing the idea of the smart watch and arguing for the need for modern time pieces that are in line with the advances in technology and in line with the evolved needs of modern men. The watches are groundbreaking, thus the need for proper Introductions. Apple focuses on design, the beauty of the pieces, and the premium materials in sapphire and stainless steel, and the references to premium construction reflected in the close-up view of the watch. For the Moto 360 the reference is the need to upgrade the consumer’s notion of what a timepiece is, by showing the Moto 360’s touch capabilities and voice search capabilities provided by Google. In the Moto 360 ad the speaker is a representative of presumably the design and engineering team at Motorola, or else is a representative of Google from either the marketing or the general business side, even as the emphasis of the ads is on the premium nature of the materials and the design. The intended audiences are arguably early adopters in the case of Google, because of the way the message is pitched to those who are to be persuaded that the time for a smart watch has come. On the other hand, the reference to excellent design and materials and the close-up views of the Apple Watch, as well as the way the ad itself seems crafted for a mass audience, hints at the final audience of the ad and the pitch to be the mainstream consumers, who are being sold to the overall aesthetics of the Apple Watch

Nurse Manager and Nurse Practitioner Research Paper

Nurse Manager and Nurse Practitioner - Research Paper Example They are expected to gather information from their colleagues, consulting library materials so as to respond accurately to the specific needs of their patients. On the other hand, the nurse managers are charged with the responsibility of formulation of the Evidence-Based practices through four main steps. The first step is to generate the desire for information in form of a question which can be closely associated with available practices, initiatives or results. The second part is the location as well as the identification of the most accurate evidences available in the surrounding area. The third stage that nurse managers focus on in the formulation process, is to design a new approach to the in the methods to be adopted in the evaluation of its effectiveness. The final step is to foresee the implementation of the practice in order to establish if it is worth carried out as it is. The nurse mangers further act as models of change to be followed by the nurse practitioners. They facilitate the process of implementation through the provision of the necessary resources and moral support that is needed (Melnyk,

Critically appraise the impact of the development of tourism, over a Essay

Critically appraise the impact of the development of tourism, over a period of time, on the visual culture of a destination of your choice - Essay Example n addition, the range of influence from tourism is broad and always influence areas that are beyond those that are commonly associated with the tourism. Moreover, leaders and residents who do understand the potential influences of tourism could integrate this sector into the community in the positive way (Kreag, 2001). However, not all influences can be applicable to each community due to conditions or resources that might differ. Tourism and community leaders should balance influence that might either improve or negatively affect residents and communities. Leaders should be visionary and sensitive, and should avoid the temptation of glossing over certain challenges tourism development can create. The tourism sector needs to also balance the concerns and opportunities of all community by working against all the conditions where positive influences benefit one section of the community, and negative impacts hurt the other. Conversely, a sensitivity of the community tourism translates to avoiding burdens on the industry that can thwart its success (Lindber & Johnson, 1997). Local leaders need not expect tourism to resolve all community issues. Tourism is just a one element of the community. Creation of the strategic development of tourism services and amenities could enhance the community or correct tourism or local deficiencies, for instance, all the business development, need to assure that its products attract customers. Overbearing restrictions and rules, as well as overburdening taxes, would make tourism businesses to be less competitive or attractive. The destination that would be critically examined is the Cannes in France. The Cannes view port of the famous Boulevard de la Croisette that is situated in the Cannes Middle Ages was a feudal defence of Lerins monastery. However, until early 19th century, Cannes remained very small fishing and agricultural village with the high density of population on the Le Suquet hill. However, during the start of 1830s,

Gymnastics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gymnastics - Essay Example Learning, however, is a complex process, the principles of which are not always obvious, thus the need for careful inspection. By examining these principles we will be in a better position to assess how they can be applied to physical education. Psychology is about theories as to what leads people to behave in particular ways in different situations. Learning and motivation are important aspects of human behavior and have been the subject of much research. From the perspective of motor skills, learning can be defined as a relatively permanent change in ability resulting from experience and training as a progression from simple to more complex, sophisticated movements Operant conditioning is a psychological technique for modifying behavior that is particularly relevant to how psychology can be helpful to the teaching of gymnastics. The technique is defined as a voluntary response that is strengthened or weakened according to immediately following consequences. Organisms therefore have a tendency to repeat those actions that are reinforced in particular ways that result in a change of behavior. Behaviorism, as this approach to learning is called, is based on those aspects of behavior that are overtly observable. Because behaviorist techniques rely on the observation of explicit actions, they are especially applicable to the teaching of gymnastics. There are various methods by which a behavior can be reinforced of which the most efficacious has proved to be positive (praise) rather than negative (punishment) feedback. Positive reinforcement are of two main kinds, extrinsic and intrinsic; verbal encouragement or privileges are common examples of the former, whereas the latter applies to self-motivated students who receive a sense of fulfilment at achieving success. As students requiring the most attention are those who tend to underachieve and are not always self-motivated, our concern will mainly be with extrinsic reinforces as these, when used in the right circumstances, have proved to be advantageous in a number of different ways. An essential aspect of achieving a positive outcome is the breaking down of complex tasks into simpler ones that can be translated into graded steps according to the ability of the student. In this regard, motor skills can be decomposed into a series of simple frames that help to pin-point strengths and weaknesses that can be translated into structured programmes for initiating improvement. Programmed learning of this type allows the trainee to progress at his/her own rate, and permits learning to be facilitated through positive reinforcement of the targeted behavior in that a correct response will be more likely than an incorrect one. Skills can therefore be programmed to advance through structured hierarchies of tasks that progress from the rudimentary to the complex through successive approximation. In a physical education setting, there are special circumstances to take account of when applying these principles. As individuals are inclined to possess a wide variety of abilities, it is essential that the

Uniqlo in the Philippines Essay Example for Free

Uniqlo in the Philippines Essay Uniqlo is a Japanese company that brings great casual wear to people and around the world. Their target market is for everyone. Young or old, class a b and c. Uniqlo retail store is very in nowadays, especially here in the Philippines. Because last June 15, 2012 they open their store at Mall of Asia Philippines and they’re giving away tote bags to the first 500 daily customers from June 15 to 17 and to shoppers with a minimum single receipt of Php2,000 for free. They make a strategy that other retail store not been made. Their stores have many counters for cashiers, because they want to make their transactions very fast. It’s also one way of their customer service, at the same time before they open their store they have lots of billboards, advertisement in newspapers, posting in the internet, etc. so people might aware to their new store. Maybe we are asking, are Uniqlo can affect the sales of other retail store when it comes to casual wear? The answer is yes, but just in the limited time. Maybe we are aware that most Filipino is likely to buy imported stuff. When Mango (U.S. brand) is opened here in the Philippines, Filipinos love to go there and buy clothes, when Forever 21 (Korean brand) is also opened, you can see that Filipinos are wearing their apparel too, and now Uniqlo (Japanese brand) is opened they said they want to be how Japanese wear clothes, because they said that in Paris, and Korea they just copied the style how Japanese people wearing their clothes and Maybe the real case of why Filipinos are buying stuff from different stores is that they want to be in always. Their behavior is unpredictable and they feel that if they’re wearing other country’s brands of clothes, bag, and shoes they are like (sosyal) the Uniqlo Company said in the internet that they studying peoples behavior when it comes to buying apparels. That’s why in their store opening last June 15, 2012 they give away lots of bag, because they studied that Filipinos are love to have freebies. They captured the heart of many Filipinos who live near at moa, some of them their customers too are from different residence in metro manila. And I know why they opened their store at moa. Because of convenience, Uniqlo wants to target the north and the south area of metro  manila. At the same time the price of their clothes are very reasonable why it is ok to buy them at a high cost. The cotton of their clothes is very soft and it not that thin when you wear it, the styles is also very nice compared to other retail stores, they have lots of variances when it comes to men’s wear than women. Because they said Japanese men are more fashionable than women and that’s the thing they want to teach to Filipino people that it’s not sin if men are vainer than women. To conclude the things that Uniqlo want to tell to people is that. They more new quality that can market to people around the world and more good customer service if no one retail store does.

Socially Responsible Marketing

Socially Responsible Marketing Drawing on the readings below and your own literature review outline and discuss the concept of social marketing. How does this differ from societal marketing or socially responsible marketing?. Provide examples of each of the three approaches to marketing and comment on the extent to which these represent a departure from traditional marketing practice. Social marketing Nowadays, social marketing is very common in lots of places, for example government agencies, private nonprofit organizations, private for-profit firms and university. However, many people dont know what does social marketing is and how it differs from similar fields such as communications and behavior mobilization, it is being confused with generic marketing like societal marketing and socially responsible marketing. There are some practitioners are doing social advertising but they think they are doing social marketing. Even some of the literature has defined social marketing improperly. Social marketing is to understand how to influence peoples behavior in a good way and make better standard of living for human, so it is necessarily to make all these marketing concept clear and to understand them more deeply. To discuss the concept of social marketing, we first have to know the definition of it, there are different versions of definition of social marketing, the original one defined it as: the design, implementation and control of programs calculated to influence the acceptability of social ideas and involving considerations of product planning, pricing, communication, distribution and marketing research. (Kotler and Zaltman, 1971), then, there is a revised definition is proposed by Alan R. Andreasen, he proposes the following definition: Social marketing is the adaptation of commercial marketing technologies to programs designed to influence the voluntary behavior of target audiences to improve their personal welfare and that of the society of which they are a part. His definition let the social marketers focus on the result that they influenced and keep the discipline of social marketing distinguishable for the others and also separate social marketing from the areas that is easy to fail. The idea of social marketing is to use the same marketing principles to propaganda ideas, attitudes and behaviors as that were being used to sell products to consumers. There is confusion whether social marketing was limited to public and nonprofit marketers. Actually, they are not necessarily social marketing, this can be very important that public sector bodies to improve the promotion of their relevant services and organizational aims by using standard marketing approaches, it influence social behaviors not to benefit the social marketer, but to benefit either individuals or society as a whole in long run. There are also some private sector hold many activities aim to change beliefs, attitudes and values, but the only reason they are doing that is to increase sales by prevent change e.g. customers switching to another brand. Social marketing can improve the behavior and life style of the public to achieve a social good, but there are some difficulties while doing it, the problem is not the lack of information that people receive but the confusion of getting too much different information from different sources which are inconsistent or uncoordinated. For some small firms, their managers think that they are also part of the social marketers, then it will be difficult for them to keep their eye on the bottom line to change behavior, and also some firm get into trouble because they see the action side of social marketing instead of the planning side and also social marketing effectiveness may be limited if the marketer apply the concept wrongly, and people may blame the social marketing for failures. To apply the social marketing concept, social marketers also need to know the key features and the 4Ps (product, price, place and promotion) in order to help them achieve their social marketing goals. Key features: Customer orientation A key element of all forms of marketing, understand the situation of the target customer, where they start from, their knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, also their background of where they live and work. It can make the progress easily and smoothly. An exchange Defined as an exchange of resources or values between two or more parties with the expectation of some benefits. Social marketers really have to know what is being expected of people and what is their cost to exchange, otherwise, there may be no one are willing to exchange and lead to failure of social marketing. Long-term Planning Approach Continuing programs for a long time instead of one-off campaigns, it should be strategic rather than tactical. Starts and finishes with research and use a long time to plan, because we have to know that behavior is not easy to change, people are used to it in their daily life, so we need to understand why people act as they do and therefore how best to support them in their life choices, therefore, we can reeducate them to change their mind. Moving Beyond the Individual Consumer It will be pointless if we change the behavior or lifestyle of an individual consumer if they are still operating in the same environment, so, it might be very useful to change a group of people or the entire society to achieve the aim of social marketing. How does social marketing differ from societal marketing or socially responsible marketing? Many people confuse the meaning of social marketing, societal marketing and socially responsible marketing. Social marketing is more difficult than generic marketing, because it involves changing intractable behaviors. To make it easier to distinguish social marketing from societal marketing and socially responsible marketing, it is better to know more about them. Societal marketing Societal marketing is a different concept for a different topic, it is an approach that company stake when they are socially responsible, they make good marketing decisions by considering first, the potential clients wants or needs, second, their companys philosophy and spend and the third is at approach of launching products or services in marketing be socially responsible. It is closely linked with the principles of corporate social responsibility and of sustainable development. Societal marketing and social marketing should not be confused. The societal marketing concept was a pioneer of using commercial marketing strategies from sustainable marketing in integrating issues of social responsibility. On the other hand, social marketing uses commercial marketing theories, tools and techniques to social issues. Societal Marketing actually included the concept of sustainable development and Corporate Social Responsibility, so the companies will go beyond delivering their work and products for the benefit of the consumers and the society and it is more than just having an exchange relationship with customers. Socially responsible marketing Socially responsible marketing is a marketing philosophy; it suggests that a company should considerate what is in the best interest of society in the present and long term. Socially responsible companies should produce desirable products fervently. Consumers immediate gratification can obtain from this kind of products and this kind of product can also benefit consumers and society in the long term. Special features of social marketing There are some special features to distinguish social marketing, it is the systematic application of marketing along with other concepts and techniques to achieve specific behavioral goals for a social good, it is an over-simplification although it sometimes seen only as to achieve non-commercial goals by using standard commercial marketing practices Social good is the primary aim of social marketing and it is its first outcome while financial is the primary aim in commercial marketing. But social good can still be contributed to achieve by commercial marketers. Gradually, people describe social marketing as having a social parent which is social sciences and social policy, and a marketing parent which is commercial and public sector marketing approaches. Kotler and Andreasen define social marketing as differing from other areas of marketing only with respect to the objectives of the marketer and his or her organization. Example of social marketing Social marketing applies a customer orientated approach, it can be applied to promotion by making the society to buy merit goods and dissuade the use of demerit goods and also to tell the society that they consider the societys well-being as a whole, for example ask people not to smoke in public areas, reducing cigarette smoking, ask people to use seat belts, prompt them to follow speed limits, encouraging condom use etc. Social marketing knows that commerce brings many benefits, but it can cause harm to individual and society. Tobacco is an extreme example of this, it kills half of its long term users, as Wiebe famously argued, you can sell brotherhood like soap. So, social marketing can do the reverse like tobacco company use marketing to encourage people smoke. Health-related social marketing is widely used in this marketing concept, it is systematical, the behavioral goal is to improve health and reduce health inequalities. There is a specialistÂÂ  team in the Department of Health.ÂÂ  The Social Marketing and theÂÂ  team have been established to support work to integrate a social marketing approach in key work streams.ÂÂ  For example: Health Trainers NHS LifeCheck Health Literacy Skilled for Health Drug Misuse Alcohol Misuse Tobacco Sexual Health Nutrition Physical activity 5 A Day Obesity Health Inequalities Healthy Schools and Children and Young Peoples Public Health Example of societal marketing Nowadays, many organization such as MacDonalds, Unilever and Procter gamble are following the societal marketing concept, they can give out positive message to the government, public, partners, stakeholder and their customer that they are not only working for the profits but also for the well-being of the society. For example: McDonalds: McDonalds stop using their one time innovative Styrofoam packaging and replaced it with a more environmentally paper packaging and bring the message that they are environmentally aware, by using their various forms of packaging to remind us not to litter and be environmental friendly. British American tobacco Company: BAT participates in many society activities all around the world. Their societal marketing strategy is tree plantation. Body Shop: Body Shop is a cosmetic company. All of its products use vegetable based materials. It is also against animal testing, supports community trade, activate self-esteem, defend human rights, and overall protection of the planet. It is a company that completely follows the societal marketing concept. Societal marketing has become more and more important and profitable marketing strategy for companies. It often focused on environmental issues, but it can also focus on promoting healthy behavior while discouraging unhealthy behavior Example of socially responsible marketing An example of socially responsible marketing would be the advertising of alcoholic drinks when there are no rules or regulations. If a beer company is following the socially responsible marketing concept, it would avoid advertising its products to young person under the drinking age, they can advertise their products on TV at late night or in adult magazines, then minors are less likely to see them. Another example of socially responsible marketing is that a catalogue company uses recycled paper to make its catalogues, then this can be shown in the catalogue and it could help persuade customers that the company is environmentally conscious. By doing this, the company can gain market share by differentiate themselves from their competitors. Social marketing represent a departure from traditional marketing practice To a large extent social marketing is different from traditional marketing, it is depend on the type of target audience that social marketers would like to convey their message to. Following are some of the main differences between traditional marketing and social related marketing. Improved response time in social marketing. There is no real contact between customers and the company in traditional marketing, so if the customer got any inquiries, the company needs to go through few parties to get the answer and it lead to a slow responses but in social marketing, they usually response very quickly and some of them use auto-responders to answer customer. Content availability. In this modern world, it is very easy to use the internet to access information about anything and obtain any answer that consumer wants to know. In traditional marketing, the information available is only provided by the distributor from the company, and it might be fabricated. Price Social marketing is much cheaper than traditional marketing, because social marketing can use countless resources from the internet and different ways to advertise, educate and communicate people but traditional marketing have to pay for every single minute of every type of media such as TV advertisements, newspaper and magazines etc. A more level playing field. In social marketing, any company in any size can compete for client with any larger company which is very difficult for traditional marketing to do so, because in social marketing there are no restriction and it is just a matter of using available resources. The ability to changing. It is very In social marketing, it is very easy and cheap to change your message or to provide additional information regards to the product, but in traditional marketing, it is not easy for the television and radio commercials to change. Conclusion In conclusion, social marketing is a very innovative and good idea to promote any idea in a good way, so I think government and health organization should use it more often, but government should also set up more rules and regulations of using social marketing, because there are some company use social marketing to increase their sales by encourage customers buy demerit goods e.g. make people think smoke is healthy.